Cosmetics include skin-care creams, lotions, powders, perfumes, lipsticks, fingernail and toenail polishes, eye and facial makeup, permanent waves, colored contact lenses, hair colors, hair sprays and gels, deodorants, baby products, bath oils, bubble baths, bath salts, butters and many other types of products. Their use is widespread, especially among women in Western countries. A subset of cosmetics is called “make-up,” which refers primarily to colored products intended to alter the user’s appearance. Many manufacturers distinguish between decorative cosmetics and care cosmetics.Cosmetic Side Effects
Many cosmetic treatments are the result of common disease therapies whose unexpected side effects were pleasant surprises. Vaniqa (eflornithine hydrochloride), the first prescription drug for removing unwanted hair, is a topically applied version of a drug that was originally developed to treat African sleeping sickness. Similarly, minoxidil originally had been prescribed as an oral tablet to treat high blood pressure. As a result of side effects that included hair growth and reversal of male baldness, Rogaine (2 percent minoxidil) was the first drug approved by the FDA for the treatment of hair loss (androgenetic alopecia).
cosmetic surgery
Cosmetic Surgery defined as a subspecialty of surgery that uniquely restricts itself to the enhancement of appearance through surgical and medical techniques. The term “cosmetic surgery” however, refers to surgery that is designed to improve cosmetics alone. Many other surgical specialists are also required to learn certain cosmetic procedures during their training programs. Contributing disciplines include dermatology, general surgery, plastic surgery, otolaryngology, maxillofacial surgery, and oculoplastic surgery.
Cosmetic Brands
Avon, Sephora, Bumble & Bumble, Chanel, Clarins, Mehran, Clinique, Lancome, Sally Hansen, Tweezerman, Shiseido, Estée Lauder, Elizabeth Arden
Cosmetic Reviews
This mascara, while not perfect, is a wonderful product! It totally curled my lashes so I didn’t have to use my curler (which I hate doing, so tedious) at all! The only downfalls are the base coat process; I don’t exactly know what the base coat is for because it works perfectly with just the top coat. And the brush is curved so that makes it a tad difficult to apply at first, but once I got the angle and movement down, it was no problem! I highly reccomend this product! Great for people who (like me) hate to use the eyelash curler!
Cosmetic Tattooing
Cosmetic tattooing, or permanent makeup, is a type of cosmetic technique that can mimic the effects of makeup on a long-lasting basis. The procedure is one of the fastest growing, safest, and most popular cosmetic techniques in the world.
Often, cosmetic tattoos are used to replace light or no eyebrows, lipsticks and lip-liners. Cosmetic tattooing is also effective in covering up mastectomy or other types of scarring, particularly those scars coming from surgery or some disease. Cosmetic tattooing has been especially effective and popular in replacing eyebrows.
Signs of stress & fatigue are a thing of the past with this innovative formula. This concentrated, creamy, blendable concealer instantly brightens & camouflages all-in-one. The three brightening neutral shades give every gal correction perfection. Overall Rating:
Benefit Cosmetics offers quality makeup, beauty products, fake-its, concealers, skincare, acne treatment, body care, fragrance and gifts. If Benefit Cosmetics is one of your favorite online retailers, be sure to bookmark this page on CouponMountain.com. We update our coupon and deal listings daily with fresh discounts, free shipping offers, promo codes and freebies. Read the coupons
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Benefit Cosmetics Spring ‘08 Creaseless Cream-Marry Up
Benefit’s new spring colors in their Creaseless Cream Shadow/Liners are now out. There are 3 new colors–bunny hop (sterling pink), marry up (brushed copper) and pre nup (rose metal). I have marry up, as the copper color is great for hazel eyes.
In 1990 the Face Place became the Benefit Cosmetics we enjoy today, with their fresh solutions to the consistent problems that plagued our mothers, us, and our daughters, makeup became fun and gave us the results we needed.
Three of the original products are still best-sellers today, benetint, lip plump and ooh la lift, and still bring home the awards.
Benefit’s product mix of cosmetics, fragrances and accessories appeals to the glamour gal in women of all ages. Products like boo boo zap, the super strength blemish blaster, and dr. feelgood, the ultimate skin mattifier, have quickly become every woman’s best friend. Plus, gals love to laugh over names like “touch me then try to leave” cream and an eye shadow called “my date’s my brother.” You can always expect the unexpected from Benefit.
Fatty acids are organic compounds composed of carbon chains of varying lengths, with an acid group on one end and hydrogen bound to all the carbons of the chain. Essential fatty acids (EFAs) are those that are necessary for health, but cannot be synthesized by the body. Therefore, it is important to supply the body with EFAs through one's daily dietary intake. EFAs are also called vitamin F or polyunsaturates. They are important ingredients for the growth and maintenance of cells. The body utilizes essential fatty acids for hormone production, specifically for the production of prostaglandins, which aid in reducing hypertension, migraine headaches, and arthritis.
Essential fatty acids offer many positive effects for the body, including the nourishment of skin and hair; reduction of blood pressure, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels; prevention of arthritis and inflammation; and the reduction of the risk of blood clotting. Furthermore, essential fatty acids help protect the body from cardiovascular disease, candidiasis, eczema, and psoriasis, and they play a critical role in brain development and in the transmission of nerve impulses.
Types of EFAs
There are basically two types of essential fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids, also known as linolenic acids, and omega-6 fatty acids, which are also called linoleic acids. The two types are distinguished by their chemical structures. Omega-3 EFAs are found in deepwater fish, fish oil, and some vegetable oils, such as canola, flaxseed, and walnut oil. Nuts are also a good source of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly hazelnuts, almonds, pecans, cashews, walnuts, and macadamia nuts. The best fish oil sources are salmon, mackerel, anchovies, sardines, and herring, which have a high fat content and provide more omega-3 than other fish. Flaxseeds are also a good source, and they are low in saturated fats and calories and have no cholesterol. Omega-6 fatty acids are found in raw nuts, seeds, legumes, and in unsaturated vegetable oils, such as borage oil, grape seed oil, primrose oil, sesame oil, and soybean oil.
Benefits of EFAs
There are many health benefits attributable to essential fatty acids. Research has shown that diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids, which contain the omega-3 variety, reduce total mortality by 70 percent in patients who have
Omega-6 fatty acids have been shown to be beneficial in the reduction of cholesterol levels when they are substituted for saturated fats in a person's diet. The benefit in consuming omega-6 fatty acids therefore lies in the fact that they reduce the incidence of coronary artery disease, which is a condition where excess cholesterol builds up on the arteries of the heart, eventually blocking the flow of blood and causing a heart attack.
| Cheap, throwaway clothes are adding to the UK's landfill |
The government has launched a campaign to tackle the environmental impact of a "fast fashion" culture.
Around two million tonnes of unwanted clothing ends up in landfill every year and Defra is using the start of London Fashion Week to announce its scheme.
More than 300 High Street retailers, textile manufacturers and designers have signed up to its "sustainable clothing action plan".
The plan incorporates ethical issues, such as child labour and fair trading.
The initiative outlines commitments to make fashion more sustainable throughout its lifecycle: from design and manufacture to retail and disposal.
It hopes to draw attention to the environmental impact of cheap, throwaway clothes, which have become hugely popular on the High Street but are adding to the UK's landfill.
Taking action
The Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) says the clothing and textiles sector in the UK produces around 3.1m tonnes of carbon dioxide, 2m tonnes of waste and 70m tonnes of waste water per year.
Gases such as CO2, emitted by fossil fuel burning, and methane, released from landfill sites, are widely believed to be contributing to global warming.
As part of the action plan:
- Marks and Spencer, Tesco and Sainsbury's have pledged to increase their ranges of Fairtrade and organic clothing, and support fabrics which can be recycled easier
- Tesco is banning cotton from countries known to use child labour
- Charities, such as Oxfam and the Salvation Army, will open more sustainable clothing boutiques featuring high quality second-hand clothing and new designs made from recycled garments
- The Centre for Sustainable Fashion at the London College of Fashion will be resourced to provide practical support to the clothing sector
- The Fairtrade Foundation will aim for at least 10% of cotton clothing in the UK to be Fairtrade material by 2012.
The Minister for Sustainability Lord Philip Hunt, said the plan represented a "concerted effort to change the face of fashion".
"Retailers have a big role to play in ensuring fashion is sustainable," he said.
"We should all be able to walk into a shop and feel the clothes we buy have been produced without damaging the environment or using poor labour practices, and that we will be able to re-use and recycle them when we no longer want them."
Complex challenges
Jane Milne, business environment director of the British Retail Consortium, said retailers should be "applauded, not criticised, for providing customers with affordable clothing, particularly during these tough economic times".
"They're raising standards for overseas workers, offering clothes made from organic and Fairtrade cotton and encouraging the re-use and recycling of unwanted clothes," she added.
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The ASBCI, the forum for clothing and textiles, said the industry was "very cognisant" of the environmental issues it faced and "highly motivated" to find solutions.
Chairman Malcolm Ball said the challenges facing the industry and the consumer were "complex".
Taking cotton as an example, he said organic cotton is highly desirable but is only a fraction of world production, and growing it "requires vast amounts of the most precious resource on earth - water".
"There are many voices who argue the current Western model of fast and cheap fashion is totally unsustainable in the medium to long term," he said.
"The challenge is to reduce the amount of damage we are doing now, while a revised, sustainable model of consumption is created."
London Fashion Week runs from Friday 20 February to Wednesday 25 February.
Lord Hunt is due to announce the sustainable clothing action plan at Friday's launch of the sixth season of estethica, the world's leading showcase of ethical designer fashion.
A group of children with peanut allergies have had their condition effectively cured, doctors believe.
A team from Cambridge's Addenbrooke's Hospital exposed four children to peanuts over a six-month period, gradually building up their tolerance.
By the end the children were eating the equivalent of five peanuts a day.
It is the first time a food allergy has been desensitised in such a way, although a longer-term follow up is now needed to confirm the findings.
Peanut allergies affect one in 50 young people in the UK and commonly cause breathing problems.
Although at its most serious, it can lead to a potentially life-threatening anaphylactic shock.
| John Collard Allergy UK |
The Cambridge team started the children on tiny 5mg daily doses of peanut flour before they trained their bodies up to cope regularly with 800mg - the equivalent to five whole peanuts.
Kate Frost, the mother of a nine-year-old who was one of the four participants, said: "It's very hard to describe how much of a difference it's made - not just in Michael's life, but for all of us.
"A peanut allergy affects the whole family. You can't go out to a restaurant. If your child goes to a birthday party, he takes a packed lunch."
The concept of desensitising people to allergies has been successfully done with bee and wasp stings and pollen allergies, but this is the first time it has been achieved with a food-related allergy.
A few trials were done in the 1990s using peanut injections, but these were not successful.
'Quality of life'
Dr Andy Clark, who led the research published in the journal Allergy, said: "Every time people with a peanut allergy want something, they're frightened that it might kill them.
"Our motivation was to find a treatment that would change that and give them the confidence to eat what they like. It's all about quality of life.
"It's not a permanent cure, but as long as they go on taking a daily dose they should maintain their tolerance."
The team have now expanded the study to include another 18 children and say there is no reason why the technique would not work for adults.
John Collard, the clinical director of Allergy UK, said it was "an important step forward".
"This could make a real difference, but at this stage it is too early to tell whether it will work for everyone. We need to see it used on more people and over a long period of time."